GENRAD 1433 Series Instruction 电路图.pdf

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1、1433 SERIES High-Accuracy Decade Resistor User and Service Manual PRECISION INSTRUMENTS FOR TEST AND MEASUREMENT TEL: (516) 334-5959 (800) 899-8438 FAX: (516) 334-5988 IET LABS, INC. formerly manufacturer by GenRad 534 Main Street, Westbury, NY 11590 RadioFans.CN 收音机爱 好者资料库 To navigate our easy to u

2、se website for quick access to specifications and prices: 1.Select Find a Product to go to a convenient scrolling thumbnail catalog and then to detailed data sheets as desired; or: 2.Select STANDARDS DECADES STROBES for products formerly manufactured by GenRad (General Radio) or QuadTech. Since 1976

3、, IET labs has had a long-standing commitment to conform the instruments and standards we offer to the customers needs rather than to have the customer settle for what is available. We devote our customer service and applications entirely to the customers satisfaction in the quality standards, test

4、instru- ments and calibration service we provide. Combinations of functions, special ranges, ratings, or accuracies. Replacement for discontinued models from other manufacturers. Calibration and repair services - NIST traceable. Compliant with ISO 9001, ISO 17025, ANSI Z540-1-1994, and MIL-STD-45662

5、A. Capabilities R: 20 -1 T C: 45 V) ARE USED, TAKE ALL MEASURES TO AVOID ACCIDENTAL CONTACT WITH ANY LIVE COMPONENTS. USE MAXIMUM INSULATION AND MINIMIZE THE USE OF BARE CONDUCTORS WHEN USING THIS INSTRUMENT. Use extreme caution when working with bare conductors or bus bars. WHEN WORKING WITH HIGH V

6、OLTAGES, POST WARNING SIGNS AND KEEP UNREQUIRED PERSONNEL SAFELY AWAY. CAUTION DO NOT APPLY ANY VOLTAGES OR CURRENTS TO THE TERMINALS OF THIS INSTRUMENT IN EXCESS OF THE MAXIMUM LIMITS INDICATED ON THE FRONT PANEL OR THE OPERATING GUIDE LABEL. 1 INTRODUCTION 1433 Series Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION other

7、conductors within the instrument, as well as the solder employed, contain no metals or junctions that contribute to thermal emf problems. With a resolution as low as 1 m and a maximum available resistance of over 111 M, the 1433 series may be used for exacting precision measurement ap- plications re

8、quiring high accuracy, good stability, and low zero-resistance. They can be used as compo- nents of dc and ac bridges, for calibration, as transfer standards, and as RTD simulators. The 1433 Series may be rack-mounted to serve as components in measurement and control systems. This series is part of

9、a family of resistance substitut- ers suited to fill many engineering and testing needs. Consult IET for: High-power substituters - up to 400 W High-resistance substituters - to 1 T RTD simulators Laboratory-standard-grade substituters - to 1 ppm accuracy Programmable substituters - IEEE-488 or BCD.

10、 1.1 Product Overview The 1433 Decade Resistors are a family of instru- ments providing a very broad choice of high-perfor- mance resistance sources. Any number of decades from one to eleven is available. The 1433 is a precision resistance source with ex- cellent characteristics of stability, temper

11、ature coef- ficient, power coefficient, and frequency response. There are over 30 models available covering a wide resistance range from 1 m to over 111 M. The 1433 Series employs stable very low resistance switches with silver alloy contacts. A special design keeps zero-resistance to less than 1 m

12、per decade. Self-cleaning keeps the silver contacts from becom- ing tarnished when unused, or when only low cur- rents are passed through them. This is most often the case when only minute test currents are drawn by digital multimeters or other test instruments. Contact resistance is stable and rema

13、ins low and repeatable. The dials, labeled 0 to X(=10), offer smooth rotation from position to position with no stops. Each dial has the overlap X(10) position for maximum convenience and flexibility in setting and adjusting resistance val- ues. The resistance per step and maximum current of each di

14、al are clearly shown on the front panel. Elec- trical shielding is provided by an attractive aluminum cabinet and front panel. The resistance elements have no electrical connection to the cabinet and panel; a separate shield terminal is provided. High-quality gold-plated tellurium-copper binding pos

15、ts serve to minimize the thermal emf effects which can introduce errors into dc resistance measurements. All Figure 1.1. 1433 Series High Accuracy Decade Resistor 2 INTRODUCTION 1433 Series 1.2 Accessories Included Table 1-3 ItemQuantity Instruction Manual1 Calibration Certificate1 1.3 Accessories/O

16、ptions Available Table 1-4 ItemPart Number Rack Mount Kit for 4 dial units1433-50 Rack Mount Kit for 5 dial units1433-51 Rack Mount Kit for 6 dial units1433-52 Rack Mount Kit for 7 dial units1433-53 3 SPECIFICATIONS 1433 Series R/stepTotal RStabilityL/stepMaxPowerTempco () () ppm/yr( H)Input/step (W

17、)ppm/oC 0.0010.01500-5 A0.02550 0.010.15000.014 A0.1620 0.11500.11.6 A0.2520 110200.15800 mA0.620 10100200.55250 mA0.615 100100020580 mA0.6 5 1,00010,000201523 mA0.5 5 10,000100,00020757 mA0.5 5 100,0001,000,00020-2.3 mA0.5 5 1,000,00010,000,00020-0.7 mA0.510 10,000,000100,000,00020-0.23 mA0.110 Typ

18、ical Frequency Characteristics: Chapter 2 SPECIFICATIONS Range: 1 m to 111.111.111.110 in 1 m steps. Overall Accuracy: The difference between the resistance at any setting and at the Zero setting is equal to the indi- cated value (0.01% + 2 m) Decade Specifications Rev 3-23-06 4 SPECIFICATIONS 1433

19、Series Typical Value of Zero Impedance: Zero Resistance (Ro): 0.001 /decade at dc; 0.04 /decade at 1 MHz; proportional to square root of fre- quency above 100 kHz. Zero Inductance (Lo): 0. 1 H/decade + 0.2 H. Effective Shunt Capacitance (C): Value is determined largely by the highest decade in use.

20、With the low terminal con- nected to the shield, a value of 15 to 20 pF/ decade may be assumed, counting decades down from the highest. Thus, if the third de- cade from the top is the highest resistance, a value of 45 to 60 pF may be assumed. If the highest decade in the unit is in use, the effec- t

21、ive capacitance is 15 to 20 pF, regardless of the settings of the lower-resistance decades. Switches: Continuous rotation; solid silver-alloy contacts; contact resistance of less than 1 m; capacitance of less than 1 pF between contacts; lifetime in excess of 1 million cycles. Maximum voltage to case

22、: 2000 V peak Terminals: Gold plated, tellurium-copper, low-thermal-emf binding posts on standard 3/4 inch spacing; shield terminal provided. Mechanical: Dimensions: in inches (mm) Weight: in lb (kg) LWDWt 4 dial 12.3 (312)3.5 (89)5.0 (127)3.5 (1.6) 5 dial 14.8 (375)3.5 (89)5.0 (127)4.0 (1.8) 6 dial

23、 17.3 (439)3.5 (89)5.0 (127)4.5 (2.0) 7 dial 17.3 (439)5.3 (135) 5.0 (127)6.0 (2.7) Environmental: Operating:+10 to +40oC, 80% RH Storage:-20 to +65oC Supplied with unit: Instruction manual Calibration Certificate Accessories available: 1433-50 Rack Mount Kit for 4-dial units 1433-51 Rack Mount Kit

24、for 5-dial units 1433-52 Rack Mount Kit for 6-dial units 1433-53 Rack Mount Kit for 7-dial units Ordering Information: CatalogTotalOhmsNo. No.( )/stepof dials 1433-011.110.0013 1433-00111.10.014 1433-021,1110.14 1433-0411,11014 1433-06111,100104 1433-081,111,0001004 1433-0911,110,00010004 1433-09A 1

25、11,100,00010,0004 1433-101,111.10.015 1433-1211,1110.15 1433-14111,11015 1433-161,111,100105 1433-1811,111,0001005 1433-18A 111,110,00010005 1433-191,111.110.0016 1433-2011,111.10.016 1433-22111,1110.16 1433-241,111,11016 1433-2611,111,100106 1433-27111,111,0001006 1433-2811,111.110.0017 1433-29111,

26、111.10.017 1433-311,111,1110.17 1433-3311,111,11017 1433-34111,111,100107 1433-35111,111.1100.0018 1433-361,111,111.100.018 1433-3711,111,111.00.18 1433-38111,111,11018 1433-391,111,111.110.0019 1433-39A 11,111,111.10.019 1433-39B 111,111,1110.19 1433-40A 11,111,111,1100.00110 1433-40111,111,111.10.

27、0110 1433-41111,111,111.110.00111 Rev 3-23-06 5 OPERATION 1433 Series Chapter 3 OPERATION 3.1 Installation All models of the 1433 Decade Resistor are sup- plied as bench instruments but may be rack mounted. Installation in a standard 19-inch rack requires a Rack Mount Kit whose part number depends o

28、n the num- ber of dials on the unit. Refer to paragraph 1.3 3.2 Connections The terminals on the front panel of the 1433 are stan- dard 3/4-inch-spaced binding posts that accept ba- nana plugs, phone plugs, spade lugs, various clips, and wire sizes up to No. 12. The high (H) and low (L) binding post

29、s are insulated from the panel and used for regular two-terminal applications. For grounded operation, connect the shorting link between the ground (G) terminal and the low (L) terminal. Refer to para- graph 3.4 for a detailed comparison of two- and three- terminal connections. If switches have not

30、been operated for an extended period, they should be rotated a few times to restore contact resistance to specifications. 3.3 Dial Readout All 1433 decades have easy-to-read dials with num- bered steps from 0 to X (= 10). When setting the decade switches, observe the decimal point on the panel and r

31、emember that X equals ten units. For ex- ample, the five dial Model 1433-10 is set for a value of 54.3 by setting the decade switches as follows: 0 5 4 . 3 0 = 54.3 or 0 5 4 . 2 X = 54.3 Note that X, in the above example, is equal to a value of ten 0.01 W units in that decade, or one 0.1 unit in the

32、 next decade to the left. The following examples illustrates the result of set- ting all decades in the 1433-10 to X. Dial setting: X X X . X X Resistance value:1 1 1 1 . 1 0 3.4 Principles of Operation The best approximation of a complete equivalent circuit for a 1433 Decade Resistor is shown in Fi

33、gure 3-1. Figure 3-1. A simplified equivalent circuit for a decade box with the low (L) terminal tied to case In Figure 3-1: R = setting of the decade box. L =LO= N1 L1 + N2 L2 + . where Lo 0.1 H per decade x number of decades in unit + 0.2 H. L1, L2,. L/step values from specifications. N1, N2,. set

34、tings of corresponding decades. C=Co+MC1 where CO 15 pF C1 20 pF M = number of unused decades (set to zero) preceding first decade used. 6 OPERATION 1433 Series The phase angle (Q) for this circuit is: Q(L/R - RC). At low values of R, the L/R term is dominant; at high values of R, the RC term is mor

35、e important. The effective series resistance is: The effective parallel resistance is: At low values, the series resistance remains constant to rather high frequencies because inductance has no effect on Rs. At very low values, skin effect increases Rs. At high values, the series resistance falls of

36、f rather rapidly with frequency because of capacitance. The parallel resistance, however, is not affected by the lumped capacitance shown in the simple equivalent circuit (see Figure 3-1). The parallel value is affected by distributed capacitance and dielectric loss not shown. An approximate equatio

37、n that considers these effects on Rp is: The R10-13 term represents dielectric loss, the next term represents distributed capacitance in the first decade used (not zero), and the last term represents distributed capacitance in the first decade if it is not used (set to zero), where Ry is the total p

38、ossible value of that decade. (The last term is not used if the first decade is not set to zero). When the case is not tied to either terminal, the decade resistor becomes a three-terminal circuit as shown in Figure 3-3. Rs = R 1+2R2C2 Rp = R(1+ 2 L2 R2 ) Rp R1+ - R10-3- 42R210-24-252RRy10-24 2 L2 R

39、2 Figure 3-2. Equivalent three terminal circuit for a decade box with neither terminal tied to case In Figure 3-2: R = setting of the decade box. L = LO = N1 L1 + N2 L2+ . where Lo 0.1 H per decade x number of de- cades in unit + 0.2 H. L1, L2, . L/step values from specifica- tions. N1, N2, . settin

40、gs of corresponding decades. Ca = l0 Ma + 8 pF where Ma = number of unused decades (set to zero) preceding first decade used. Cb = 20 Mb + 20 pF where Mb = number of unused decades (set to zero) preceding first decade used. Cs = 2 pF 7 OPERATION 1433 Series There is also some distributed capacitance

41、 (Cd) from the resistor to the case, as shown in Figure 3-3. This capacitance has the effect of increasing the effec- tive inductance by an amount of approximately N3R2C x 10-3: where N is the setting of the first used (not zero) decade, R is the total value of the decade resistor, and C is 2 pF. Fi

42、gure 3-3. Approximation of distributed capacitance effects 8 MAINTENANCE 1433 Series Chapter 4 MAINTENANCE 4.2 Instrument Return Before returning an instrument to IET for service please call our Service Department at 800-899-8438 for Return Material Authorization (RMA). Include a Purchase Order Numb

43、er to insure expedient process- ing. Units under warranty will be repaired at no charge. For any questions on repair costs or ship- ment instructions, please contact our Service De- partment at the above number. To safeguard an in- strument during shipment, please use packaging that is adequate to p

44、rotect it from damage, (i.e., equiva- lent to the original packaging) and mark the box “Deli- cate Electronic Instrument”. Return material should be sent freight prepaid to: IET Labs, Inc. 10 Dedham Street Newton, MA 02461 Attention: Service Department 4.1 Customer Service The IET warranty attests t

45、o the quality of materials and workmanship in our products. For application assistance or if difficulties occur, our engineers will assist in any way possible. If you cannot eliminate the difficulty, please e-mail, FAX, or phone our Ser- vice Department, giving full information of the trouble and of

46、 steps taken to remedy it. Be sure to include the type and serial number of the instrument. In the U. S. call 617-969-0804 for technical support 800-899-8438 or 516-334-5959 for customer service 516-334-5988 for FAX TEL: (516) 334-5959 (800) 899-8438 FAX: (516) 334-5988 534 Main Street, Westbury, NY 11590 IET LABS, INC. Formerly manufactured by GenRad Standards Decades Strobes Sound Level Meters Bridges TEL: (516) 334-5959 (800) 899-8438 FAX: (516) 334-5988 534 Main Street, Westbury, NY 11590 IET LABS, INC. Formerly manufactured by GenRad Standards Decades Strobes Sound Level Meters Bridges