LECROY WaveSurfer GettingStarted 电路图.pdf

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1、 WR6-GS-E Rev A ISSUED: PRELIMINARY December 2003 GE T T I N G ST A R T E D MA N U A L INTRODUCTION 5 SAFETY REQUIREMENTS 6 WHEN YOUR SCOPE IS DELIVERED 17 INSTALLATION AND POWER UP 19 SYSTEM RECOVERY 22 PROBES 26 USING THE FRONT PANEL CONTROLS 27 UNDERSTANDING DISPLAY INFORMATION 37 MULTIPLE METHOD

2、S TO DO THE SAME THING 45 DISPLAYING SIGNALS, VERTICAL SETUP 47 TRIGGER SETUP 53 MEASURING WITH CURSORS 65 MEASURING WITH PARAMETERS 69 RadioFans.CN 收音机爱 好者资料库 2 ISSUED: PRELIMINARY December 2003 WA V ESU R F E R 4 0 0 SE R I E S ZOOMING YOUR CHANNELS 77 USING THE MATH TRACE 84 USING ANALOG PERSISTE

3、NCE 95 SAVING AND RECALLING SETUPS 99 SAVING AND RECALLING SIGNALS 101 SHARING YOUR DATA used for triggering on low frequencies. 60 ISSUED: PRELIMINARY December 2003 WA V ESU R F E R 4 0 0 SE R I E S HF - Use only when needed for triggering on high-frequency repetitive signals. HF is automatically o

4、verridden and set to AC when incompatible with trigger characteristics such as those of SMA RT Trigger. 4. Change the trigger Level by adjusting the front panel trigger level knob. 5. Touch inside the Slope field and select a trigger Slope: Positive and Negative slope refer to the direction of volta

5、ge change that you want to trigger on. Window defines a region whose boundaries extend above and below the selected trigger level. A trigger event will occur when the signal leaves this window region in either direction and passes into the upper or lower region (see figure below). The next trigger w

6、ill occur when the signal again passes into the window region. WS-GS-E, Rev. A ISSUED: PRELIMINARY January 27, 2004 GE T T I N G ST A R T E D MA N U A L Explanation of Window trigger operation Trigger Holdoff Holdoff is an optional, additional condition of Edge trigger. It can be set either as a per

7、iod of time or as an event count. Holdoff disables the trigger circuit for a given period of time or events after the last trigger occurred. Events are the number of occasions on which the trigger condition is met. The trigger will again occur when the holdoff has elapsed and the edge triggers other

8、 conditions (for level, slope, etc.) are met. Use holdoff to obtain a stable trigger on complex, but repetitive, waveforms. For example, if there is a signal with multiple edges prior to the edge you wish to trigger on, you could set the holdoff to equal the number of edges preceding the desired tri

9、ggering edge. Refer to the on-line Help for more information about setup for holdoff. 62 ISSUED: PRELIMINARY December 2003 WA V ESU R F E R 4 0 0 SE R I E S SMART TRIGGERS The WaveSurfer contains a number of SMART Triggers that allow you to apply more intelligence to your trigger. Reference the on-l

10、ine Help for further information on how to set up and use these SMART Triggers. Standard SMART Triggers Width Trigger allows you to define a positive- or negative-going pulse width bounded by a voltage level, above or below which a trigger will occur. Or you can specify a pulse width and voltage ran

11、ge, within or outside of which a trigger will occur. Glitch Trigger is a simpler form of Width trigger. Use Glitch trigger when you want to define a fixed pulse-width time or time range only. Glitch trigger makes no provision for voltage levels or ranges. Logic Trigger enables triggering on a logica

12、l combination (pattern) of five inputs: CH1, CH2, CH3, CH4, EXT. You have a choice of four Boolean operators (AND, NAND, OR, NOR), and you can stipulate the high or low voltage logic level for each input independently. TV Trigger - Provides stable triggering on standard or custom composite video sig

13、nals. Use them on PAL, SECAM, or NTSC systems. WS-GS-E, Rev. A ISSUED: PRELIMINARY January 27, 2004 GE T T I N G ST A R T E D MA N U A L Optional SMART Triggers These triggers are available in the WaveSurfer Advanced Trigger Package: Runt Trigger is used to capture pulses that fall within a user def

14、ined amplitude range. Slew Rate Trigger is used to capture signals that have a specific rate of increase or decrease, within defined limits. Interval Trigger is used to capture intervals that fall short of, or exceed, a given time limit. In addition, you can define a width range to capture any inter

15、val that is itself inside or outside the specified range. Dropout Trigger is used essentially for single-shot applications usually with a pre-trigger delay. Use it whenever your signal disappears for a set period of time. The trigger is generated at the end of the timeout period following the “last”

16、 trigger source transition. 64 ISSUED: PRELIMINARY December 2003 WA V ESU R F E R 4 0 0 SE R I E S Qualified Edge Trigger is an edge-qualified trigger that allows you to use one signals positive or negative transition to qualify a second signal, which is the trigger source. For Qualify trigger, you

17、specify the time or number of events after the transition when you want the trigger to occur. Qualified State Trigger is a level-qualified trigger which requires that the qualifying signal remain above or below a specified voltage level for a trigger to occur. It differs from Qualified Edge Trigger

18、in that the signal must remain above or below the set level, and not just temporarily go above or below the set level. WS-GS-E, Rev. A ISSUED: PRELIMINARY January 27, 2004 GE T T I N G ST A R T E D MA N U A L Measuring with Cursors OVERVIEW Cursors are important tools that aid you in measuring signa

19、l values. Cursors can be moved around on the waveform to identify specific voltage and time values on the waveform. Use cursors to make fast, accurate measurements and to eliminate guesswork. The cursor controls contain two dedicated cursor knobs and a Type button. The Type button turns cursors ON (

20、if they are not already ON), then toggles between Horizontal (Time) cursors, Vertical (Amplitude) cursors, and OFF. If an FFT Math trace is ON, a Horizontal (Frequency) selection will be added to the toggle list. When cursors are ON, they provide measurements for every waveform displayed. The lone e

21、xception is when a Math FFT is ON, which requires a selection of Horizontal (Frequency) for cursors to be placed on that waveform. To locate cursors on a Zoom waveform, simply move the cursors into the zoomed part of the original channel signal. TURNING CURSORS ON Cursors will automatically turn on

22、when you rotate either of the two cursor knobs. Or, you can press the Type button to turn cursors ON, then toggle through the various cursor types. 66 ISSUED: PRELIMINARY December 2003 WA V ESU R F E R 4 0 0 SE R I E S CURSOR TYPES Horizontal (Time) Horizontal (Time) cursors are moved horizontally a

23、long the waveform. Place them at a desired location along the time axis to read the signals time and amplitude information at the selected location Vertical (Amplitude) Vertical cursors are lines that you move vertically on the grid to measure the amplitude of a signal. WS-GS-E, Rev. A ISSUED: PRELI

24、MINARY January 27, 2004 GE T T I N G ST A R T E D MA N U A L Horizontal (Frequency) Horizontal (Frequency) cursors are moved horizontally along the FFT Math trace. Place them at a desired location along the frequency axis to read the signals frequency and amplitude at the selected location. Changing

25、 Cursor Type Pressing the Type button between the cursor knobs will toggle the Cursors from one type to another, and ultimately to OFF, without requiring a cursor setup menu to be opened. Tracking Cursors If you wish for cursors to move in unison when you adjust their position, select the Track item

26、 in the Cursors Top Menu Bar pull-down menu to enable cursor tracking. 68 ISSUED: PRELIMINARY December 2003 WA V ESU R F E R 4 0 0 SE R I E S READING WAVESURFER CURSOR INFORMATION Cursor information is displayed in two different places on the WaveSurfer display. Descriptor Labels The Descriptor Labe

27、ls for Channels, and Math, Zoom, and Memory traces contain both absolute and relative amplitude (voltage) cursor information. Cursor Table The cursor table underneath the Timebase and Trigger Descriptor Labels appears when Horizontal (Time) or Horizontal (Frequency) cursors are turned on. This table

28、 contains the common absolute and relative information for the two cursors, and frequency information (if Horizontal cursors are selected). If the display is in XY Mode, XY cursor information will be located underneath the XY display. WS-GS-E, Rev. A ISSUED: PRELIMINARY January 27, 2004 GE T T I N G

29、 ST A R T E D MA N U A L Measuring with Parameters OVERVIEW Parameters are pre-programmed measurements that eliminate the need to set up cursors for standardized measurements, like rise time, fall time, peak-peak amplitude, etc. Use them to automatically calculate many attributes of your waveform. Y

30、ou can make common measurements on one or more waveforms, and display up to six parameter measurements at one time. You can also display statistics for your measurements, or apply “gating” to the measurement area. The WaveSurfer uses pre-defined algorithms to determine the top, base, 10% level, etc.

31、 of the waveform in order to make automatic measurements. These algorithms are in accordance with IEEE standards. If, for some reason, a parameter is unable to be calculated correctly, a warning symbol will be shown underneath the measurement so that you know to proceed with caution. In WaveSurfer,

32、some parameter measurements (like Mean) produce a single value for all the data between the measure gates. Others (like Rise Time) are always calculated for every value in an acquisition. However, the value displayed is always the last value in the acquisition. Use statistics if you desire more info

33、rmation about the distribution of measurements in the acquisition. 70 ISSUED: PRELIMINARY December 2003 WA V ESU R F E R 4 0 0 SE R I E S SETTING UP PARAMETER(S) 1. Press the Measure front panel button Or, in the Top Menu Bar, touch Measure, then select Measure Setup. In either case, the following m

34、enu will appear at the bottom of the display. 2. The default status is that parameters are OFF, and all are undefined (“None”). Touch either the icon or touch in the None area to bring up the Select Measurement menu: WS-GS-E, Rev. A ISSUED: PRELIMINARY January 27, 2004 GE T T I N G ST A R T E D MA N

35、 U A L Touch any of the icons to select the measurement that you desire. Scroll down through the list using the slider bar on the right side of the pop-up menu. 3. Once the parameter is selected, it will appear on the display underneath the grid, as shown below: 4. The channel source will default to

36、 C1. Touch inside the Source field to select a different source (either a channel, a math function, a memory, or a zoom). 72 ISSUED: PRELIMINARY December 2003 WA V ESU R F E R 4 0 0 SE R I E S 5. Add additional parameter measurements to the display by selecting other parameters (labeled as P1 throug

37、h P6) as described above. 6. Close the measure menu by either pressing the front panel Measure button again, or touching Close on the on-screen menu. UNDERSTANDING PARAMETER DISPLAYS The Parameter Display Format Understanding the information in the parameter displays is easy. The table below explain

38、s what each abbreviation means, following the parameter display from left to right, and top to bottom. WS-GS-E, Rev. A ISSUED: PRELIMINARY January 27, 2004 GE T T I N G ST A R T E D MA N U A L The format is Px:Name(source) with value and status contained below: P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6 The number of t

39、he parameter measurement. “P” means Parameter. Each parameter is uniquely identified. Name In the example in step 3 (above), max is the parameter name, short for maximum. A brief definition of each parameter is included in the measurement selection dialog box. (souce) The source can be a channel (Cx

40、), a zoom trace (Zx), a math trace (Math), or a memory (reference waveform) (Mx) value The last measured value in the acquisition. status An indication of whether the parameter was calculated correctly. A means that the measurement was performed correctly. Reference the table below for information o

41、n other status symbols. Status Symbols Below each parameter appears a symbol that indicates the status of the parameter, as follows: A green check mark means that the scope is returning a valid value. 74 ISSUED: PRELIMINARY December 2003 WA V ESU R F E R 4 0 0 SE R I E S A crossed-out pulse means th

42、at the scope is unable to determine top and base; however, the measurement could still be valid. A downward pointing arrow indicates an underflow condition (signal below the grid area). An upward pointing arrow indicates an overflow condition (signal above the grid area). An upward-and-downward poin

43、ting arrow indicates an underflow and overflow condition (signal below and above the grid area). PARAMETER GATES (WINDOWS) Sometimes you might want to have a parameter measurement on a specific portion of your signal, and ignore all other portions. When this is the case, you can use Measure Gate. Me

44、asure Gate is controlled in the Measure menu, and is set in grid divisions. WS-GS-E, Rev. A ISSUED: PRELIMINARY January 27, 2004 GE T T I N G ST A R T E D MA N U A L To set the gate, touch the Start field to highlight the control yellow, and then use the adjust knob to adjust the location of the sta

45、rt gate. Repeat for the Stop gate. Measure gates will remain on the display as long as the Start gate is not equal to 0 divisions, and the Stop gate is not equal to 10 divisions. MEASUREMENT STATISTICS After you add a parameter measurement, you can look at statistics of that parameter measurement, a

46、nd acquire an understanding of how that measurement changes with time. To view measurement statistics, check the box next to On under Statistics in the Measure menu. If a measurement is displayed, statistics will now also be displayed (as shown below). 76 ISSUED: PRELIMINARY December 2003 WA V ESU R

47、 F E R 4 0 0 SE R I E S Statistics will continue to accumulate with each additional trigger until Clear Sweeps (either on the front panel or in the measure menu) is pressed, or a control (e.g. Volts/Div) is changed. Most statistical values (mean, minimum, max, standard deviation) are self-explanator

48、y. Num is the number of measurements in the statistical sample. Value and Status are defined in Understanding Parameter Displays (above). TURNING OFF PARAMETERS You can turn all parameters OFF by touching the Turn All Off button in the Measure menu. This will also redefine all the parameter definitions to NONE. WS-GS-E, Rev. A ISSUED: PRELIMINARY January 27, 2004 GE T T I N G ST A R T E D MA N U A L Zooming Your Channels OVERVIEW LeCroy offers extremely powerful, yet simple to use, zooming capability i