HP-500B-C-Manual 电路图.pdf

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1、HP Archive This vintage Hewlett Packard document was preserved and distributed by vvwvv. h parc Please visit us on the web ! Scanned by on-line curator: Tony Gerbic * For FREE Distribution Only * RadioFans.CN 收音机爱 好者资料库 SOOB ELECTRON IC FREQUENCY METER ELECTR 0 N I C TAC H 0 M ETER I N D I CAT0 R SE

2、RIALS PREFIXED: 015- *- . . OPERATING AND SERVICING MANUAL RadioFans.CN 收音机爱 好者资料库 OPERATING AND SERVICING MANUAL 00022-2 MODEL 5008 ELECTRON IC FREQUENCY METER MODEL 500C ELECTRONIC TACHOMETER INDICATOR SERIALS PREFIXED: 015 - I . MP - S-769 Copyright HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY 1955 1501 PAGE MILL ROA

3、D, PAL0 ALTO, CALIFORNIA, U. S. A. Printed 2/61 RadioFans.CN 收音机爱 好者资料库 SPEClFlCATlO N S FREQUENCY RANGE: EXPANDED SCALE: INPUT VOLTAGE: INPUT IMPEDANCE: ACCURACY: OUTPUT LINEARlTY: SELF CHECK: RECORDER OUTPUT: PULSE OUTPUT: MODEL 500B 3 cps to 100 kc. Nine ranges with full scale values of 10, 30, 1

4、00 and 300 cps; 1, 3, 10, 30 and 100 kc. Allows any 10% or 30% portion of a selected range to be expanded to full meter scale. (Not present on lowest range. ) Sensitivity: 0.2 volt rms minimum for sine waves. 1.0 volt mini- mum for positive pulses. Maximum: 250 volts peak. Sensitivity control on fro

5、nt panel to reduce threashold sensitivity. Approximately 1 megohm shunted by 40 pf. Unexpanded scale, better than *VO full scale value of range selector setting. Line voltage variations of nominal * 10% affect reading less than * 1/2 %. Expanded X3 scale, (differential measurements of 30% or less),

6、better than *1-1/2% of range switch setting. Line voltage varia- tions of f 10% affect reading less than * 1/2%. Expanded X10 scale, (differential measurements of 10% or less), better than *3/4% of range switch setting. Line voltage varia- tions of *lo% affect reading less than *1/4%. (Relation of i

7、nput frequency to output current at the external meter jack.) On 100 kc range: within approximately *1/4% of full-scale value. On all other ranges: within approximately *1/10% of full- scale value., Allows calibration of internal constant current source and check against 60 cps line frequency. Phone

8、 jack on panel for direct connection to 1 ma 1400 ohm *lo0 ohm recorder or to a resistance voltage divider to operate other current or voltage sensitive recorders. To trigger stroboscope, etc., in synchronism with input signal, to measure fm, etc. ii 00022-2 SPECIFICATIONS (CQNTD.) PHOTOCELL INPUT:

9、POWER: DIMENSIONS WEIGHT ACCESSORIES FURNISHED ACCESSORIES AVAILABLE: MODEL 500B (Cont d. ) Phone jack on panel provides bias for Type 1P41 Phototube. Allows direct connection of 506A Optical Tachometer. 115/230 volts *lo%, 50/1000 cps, approximately 110 watts. Cabinet Mount: 7-1/2? wide, 11-1/2 hig

10、h, 14-1/4 deep. Rack Mount: 19 wide, 7 high, 13? deep behind panel. Cabinet Mount: Net 17 lbs., shipping weight 22 lbs. Rack Mount: Net 20 lbs., shipping weight 32 lbs. AC-l6D Cable Assembly, 44 inches of RG-58/U 50 ohm coaxial cable terminated at one end only with a UG-88/U Type BNC male connector.

11、 Model 508 Tachometer Generators. Model 506A Optical Tachometer. Model 500B-95A Accessory Meter (operates from recorder jack). MODEL 500C Specifications, circuit and construct ion same as Model 500B, except for meter calibration. SPEED RANGE: 180 rpm (with non-multiplying transducer) to 6,000,000 rp

12、m. Nine ranges with full scale values of 600, 2,000, 6,000, 20,000, 60,000, 200,000, 600,000, 2,000,000 and 6,000,000 rpm. ACCESSORIES AVAILABLE: Model 5OOC-95A Accessory Meter (operates from recorder jack). 00022-2 iii CONTENTS Page SECTION I GENERAL 1 - 1 General Description . . . . . . . . . 1 -

13、2 Damage in Transit . . . . . . . . . 1 - 3 Power Transformer Conversion . 1 - 4 RPM Measurement with Tachometer Generators . 1 - 5 Accessory Tachometer Generators . 1 - 6 Photoelectric Tac hometry . . . . . . . SECTION IIA GENERAL 2A - 1 General . SECTION I I B 500B OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS 2B - 1 Co

14、ntrols and Terminals . . . . . . . . 2B - 3 ExpandedScale, General . . . . . . . . 2B - 4 Example Procedure . . . . . . . . . 2B - 4A Example Summary . . . . . . . . . 2B - 5 Additional Scale Calibration Methods . . . . . 2B - 2 Operating Procedure, Counting . 2B - 6 Accuracy of Measurements . 2B -

15、7 Random Counting, General . . . . . . . 2B - 7A Meter Time Constant . . . . . . . . 2B - 7B Basic Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . 2B - 7C Predictable Error . . . . . . . . . 2B - 8 Random Counting Procedure . . . . . . . 2B - 9 OperatingCalibration andcheck . . . . . . 2B - 10 Recorder Operation . . .

16、 . . . . . 2B - 11 Recorder Jack Response . . . . . . . . 2B - 12 Pulse Output Response . . . . . . . . 2B - 13 Pulse Output Applications . . . . . . . 2B - 14 MeasuringKlystronIncidental FM . . . . . . 2B - 15 MeasuringSet-Ups . . . . . . . . . SECTION IIC 500C OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS 2c - 1 Control

17、s and Terminals . . . . . 2C - 2 Operating Procedure, Counting . 2C - 3 ExpandedScale, General . . . . . . 2C - 4 Example Procedure . . . . . . . . 2C - 4A Example Summary . . . . . . . . SECTION III THEORY OF OPERATION 3 - 1 Introductory . . . 3 - 2 Input Amplifier . . . . . . . . . . 3 - 3 Schmitt

18、 Trigger, V2 . . . . . . . . . 3 - 4 Switching Multivibrator, V4 . . . . 3 - 5 Switching Control Circuit . . . . . , . . 3 - 6 ExpandedScale . . . . 3 - 7 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . SECTION IV MAINTENANCE 4 - 1 Introductory . . . . . . . . 4 - 2 Cabinet Removal . . . . . . 4 - 3 Equipment Req

19、uired . . . . . . . . 4 - 4 Tube Replacement . . . . . . . , . 4 - 5 Trouble Localization . . . . . . . 4 - 6 Power Supply . . . . . . . . 4 - 7 Trouble Shooting Chart . . . . . . . . 4 - 8 Meter Zero Adjustment . . . . . . . . 4 - 9 Adjusting Schmitt Trigger Sensitivity . . 4 - 10 Adjusting Phantas

20、trons . . . . . . 4 - 11 Meter Shunt Adjustments . . . . . . . . : 9, I - 2 I - 2 I - 2 I - 2 I - 3 11- 1 11- 1 n - 1 11- 1 11- 1 11- 2 11- 3 11- 3 11- 3 11- 3 rl- 5 11- 5 11- 5 11- 5 II- 6 11- 6 11- 7 11- 7 11- 7 11- 8 11- I1 -10 9 9 1 1 -11 I1 -11 I1 -13 1 1 -13 I1 -15 1 1 -15 rn- 1 111- 1 III- 1

21、111- 1 111- 2 111- 2 111- 2 111- 2 Iv- 0 Iv- 1 IV- 1 Iv- 1 nr- 1 IV- 1 Iv- 2 Iv- 3 Iv- 6 IV- 6 Sect. I Page 1 SECTION I 1-1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION The Model 500B directly measures the frequency of an alternating voltage from 3 cps to 100 KC. It is suitable for laboratory measurement or pro- duction tes

22、ting of audio and supersonic frequen- cies or for direct tachometry measurement with appropriate transducers, such as the -hp- 506A Optical Tachometer Pickup or the -hp- Model 508A/B Tachometer Generators. The indications of the meter are independent of input waveform, permitting the instrument to c

23、ount sine-waves, square waves, or pulses and to indicate the average frequency of random events. A RE- CORDER jack permits operationof a 1 ma recorder, such as the Esterline-Angus Automatic Recorder, for continuous frequency record. The impedance characteristics of this terminal may be adjusted to m

24、atch any 1400 ohm (*lo0 ohm) 1 ma recorder to the 500B meter circuit. The RECORDER jack also may be employed to drive a remote indicating meter available from the Hewlett-Packard Company as an accessory. . - . Besides indicating an applied frequency and pro- viding a recorder output, however, the Mo

25、del 500B is designed to be valuable in two other types of measurements. First, it is designed to be able to expand its scale readings by factors of 3 or 10 times, an arrangement that facilitates measure- ments of frequency changes such as might be caused by line voltage changes on frequency-gen- era

26、ting circuits. Second, the instrument is de- signed to provide an output voltage which is proportional to the applied frequency .This signal from the PULSE terminal enables the instrument to be used as a wide band discriminator inap- plications where the measured signal contains very rapid frequency

27、 changes or frequency modulation The discriminator voltage, when filtered, can be used to measure the amount of deviation in the signal as well as the rate and components of de- viation. B GENERAL DESCRIPTION The Model 500C Electronic Tachometer Indicator is similar in circuitry to the 500B except f

28、or the meter calibration. The Model 500C is calibrated in terms of RPM with a counting range from 180 RPM to 6,000,000 RPM. In conjunction with the Hewlett-Packard Model 508B Tachometer Gener- ator the 500C will measure speeds from 15 to 40,000 RPM. When used with the Model 506A Optical Tach- I I 5

29、V OPERATION Y 230V OPERATION Figure 1-1. Jumper Connections. Power Transformer Primary Sect. I Page 2 ometer Pickup the instrument is capable of measur- ing very high speeds of moving parts which have small energy, or which for mechanical reasons can- not tolerate mechanical loading. uring an electr

30、ical frequency that is proportional to the speed of a rotating shaft. Generation of this frequency may be accomplished by several types of transducers which allow considerable latitude in measurement technique. 3 1-2 DAMAGE IN TRANSIT Instructions and information concerning shipping damage are conta

31、ined in the WARRANTY section on the last page of this manual. 1-3 POWER TRANSFORMER CONVERSION The Model 500B may be easily converted to op- erate from a 230-volt line source by removing the bare wire jumpers from the terminal strip, lo- cated beneath the power transformer, and insert- ing a new jum

32、per as shown in Figure 1-2. As shown in the schematic diagram the 230V con- nection changes the primary winding arrangement from parallel (115V) to series (230V). A simple and direct way to measure RPM is through the use of a tachometer generator that produces a frequency that is proportional to the

33、 speed of its own shaft. The -hp- Models 508A and 508B are examples of this type of transducer, and are recom- mended for use with the Model 500B. Both are of the variable reluctance type and have no brushes or slip rings to cause noise or random irregular- ities that result in inaccurate readings.

34、Other types of generators may be used if they have an output frequency proportional to their shaft speeds and are free of electrical noise and transients. (Limit- ing case: S/N = 1.) To assure accurate counts, the use of an oscilloscope to check the signal from other types of tachometer generators i

35、s recom- mended. After converting the instrument to 230 volt opera- tion, change the line fuse, as shown, to 0.8 amperes, 1-5 ACCESSORY TACHOMETER GENERATORS slo-blo. The -hp- Models 508A and 508B are compact low- torque tachometer generators. The Model 508Apro- vhile the Model 508B produces lOOZfor

36、 each shaft revolution. When using the 508A the Model 500B indicates shaft speed directly in RPM. When using the 508B, the displayed answer is divided by 100 to obtain revolutions/sec. When using the 508B, the Model 500C indicates RPM directly when div- ided by 100. 1-4 RPM MEASUREMENT WITH TACHOMET

37、ER duces 607,for each revolution Of its drive Shaft, GENERATORS The Model 500B measures RPM and RPS by meas- The useful shaft speed range for Model 508A Ta- chometer Generator is from approximately 15 RPM to 40,000 RPM. Consequently, this tachometer gen- erator is entirely suitable for all shaft spe

38、eds normally encountered. The output voltage from these transducers increases almost linearly from 15 RPM to 5000 RPM from a minimum of about 0.1 volt RMS to a maximum of almost 10 volts. At shaft speeds above 5000 RPM, the output voltage decreases gradually to a value of about 1 volt at 40,000 RPM.

39、 The linear relationship between out- put voltage and shaft RPM to about 5000 RPM pro- vides a very useful auxiliary function for the tach- ometer generator. The speed-voltage relationship makes it possible to present on an oscilloscope screen a curve describing the instantaneous rate -hp- Model 508

40、A/B Tachometer of rotation of a shaft as a function of time. This Generators allows analysis of the instantaneous effect on Figure 1-2. Sect. I Page 3 rotating equipment from the action of clutches, is applied to the reading obtained on the Model brakes, or other mechanical components. For this appl

41、ication, connect the output of the ta- chometer generator to the vertical deflection plates of an oscilloscope. Since the data presented on the oscilloscope screen is usually nonrepetitive in na- ture, a photographic record is normally made. Torsional vibration, harmonic-ringing and the ac- tion of

42、intermittent motions are shown as a function of time by variations in the height of the oscil- loscope trace. 500B. ? 1-6 PHOTOELECTRIC TACHOMETRY Photoelectric tachometry pickups have three par- ticular advantages: they are effective over a wide range of speeds; they are easily adaptable to a wide

43、range of situations; they do not load a sys- tem under measurement. The Model 500B is de- signed for use with photoelectric transducers and a special connector (PHOTOTUBE), located on the front panel of the instrument, supplies the nec- essary bias voltage to a photocell of type 1P41 or equal. This

44、jack serves also as the signal input jack - _ for this application. The Model 506A Tachometer provides for count- ing speeds or revolutions over a wide range from about 300 RPM (5 RPS) to 300,000 RPM (5,000 RPS). The light source in the Model 506A Tacho- meter Pickup illuminates a moving part which

45、is prepared with alternate reflecting and absorbing surfaces. The interrupted reflected light is picked up by the phototube and the electrical impulses generated are transmitted to the 500B. This system is positive in action and the danger of fractional or multiple errors inherent in other measuring

46、 methods is eliminated. For best results, the size of the reflecting and absorbing surfaces should be approximately 3/4 in. square. This means that the shaft whose speed is to be measured should have a diameter of at least 1/2 inch. The speeds of smaller diameter shafts may be measured by installing

47、 a sleeve of larger diameter, or by providing a rotating, re- flecting, and absorbing surface at right angles to the plane of the shaft. Surfaces such as these are also used for increasing resolution in measurement of low RPM where the multiple absorbing and reflect- ing surfaces provide a large num

48、ber of impulses per revolution. When this is done, a divisionfactor Figure 1-3. -hp- Model 506A Optical Tachometer Pickup The -hp- Model 506A consists of a pair of shielded tubes, one of which contains an incandescent light source, while the other houses a Type 1P41 Photo- tube. These are equipped w

49、ith condensing lenses and are so oriented that proper focus is obtained at a distance between 3 and 6 inches from the reflecting surface. The light source and phototube assembly is mounted on an adjustable stand for optimum positioning of both light source and photo- tube. The base of this stand contains a transformer which provides the proper voltage for operating the i